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Chapter XI. ?Special Problems of Diagnos
Chapter X. ?Treatment
Chapter IX. ?Serologic Interpretation
Chapter VIII. ?Syphilis in Pregnancy and
Chapter VII. ?Latent and Late Syphilis
Chapter V. ?Secondary Syphilis
Chapter VI. ?Epidemiology of Syphilis
Chapter IV. ?Primary Syphilis
Chapter II. ?Pathophysiology of Syphilis
Chapter III. ?Clinical Diagnosis of Syph
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Chapter XI. ?Special Problems of Diagnosis and Management
Relapse and Reinfection Relapse refers to the persistence, progression or reappearance of clinical, serological or laboratory evidence of disease following treatment. In early syphilis the differentiation between relapse and reinfection may be diffi…
 
Chapter X. ?Treatment
Those who treated their first case of syphilis with bismuth compounds and arsenicals can best appreciate the strides made in the treatment of syphilis in the last quarter of a century. Over 20 years ago, Dr. John Mahoney working in the Venereal Dise…
 
Chapter IX. ?Serologic Interpretation
Human infection with Treponema pallidum stimulates the host's defense mechanisms and provokes a complex antibody response. The detection of one or another of these antibodies is the basis of serologic testing. The ideal single test would be easily a…
 
Chapter VIII. ?Syphilis in Pregnancy and Congenital Syphilis
After the 18th week of gestation, when the Langhans' cell layer of the early placenta has atrophied, the treponeme may cross the placenta to infect the fetus. A general rule, "Kassowitz' law," is: The longer the duration of the untreated infection b…
 
Chapter VII. ?Latent and Late Syphilis
Latent Syphilis By definition latent syphilis is that stage of syphilis where there are no clinical signs or symptoms of the disease; the spinal fluid has been examined and is negative; and serologic tests for syphilis are reactive. All syphilis is…
 
Chapter V. ?Secondary Syphilis
Clinical Signs Secondary syphilis is quite varied in its clinical manifestations and may involve any cutaneous or mucosal surface of the body as well as any organ. Although iritis and constitutional symptoms such as fever and malaise may be present,…
 
Chapter VI. ?Epidemiology of Syphilis
Every case of infectious syphilis must be considered as suggestive of a potential epidemic. Since no case occurs in isolation, it must be remembered that the disease exists because a personal interchange of the infecting organism took place through…
 
Chapter IV. ?Primary Syphilis
Clinical Signs The first clinical sign of syphilis is the chancre. Anywhere from 10 to 90 days (average 21 days) following infection, a sore or chancre develops at the site where treponemal invasion occurred. Certain clinical characteristics assist…
 
Chapter II. ?Pathophysiology of Syphilis
Biology of Treponema Pallidum The causative organism of syphilis is a member of the order Spirochaetales and the family Treponemataceae. The many members of the order Spirochaetales are widely distributed in nature with the overwhelming majority bei…
 
Chapter III. ?Clinical Diagnosis of Syphilis
Prior to the 1940's most physicians were well trained in didactic syphilology and had the opportunity to observe many clinical cases. However, those receiving formal education within the past 15-20 years are lucky to have been exposed to even a few…
 
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